{"id":5921,"date":"2024-03-28T05:07:54","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T01:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/?p=5921"},"modified":"2024-03-28T06:21:02","modified_gmt":"2024-03-28T02:21:02","slug":"lam-gi-de-duoc-lanh-nhan-on-dai-xa-trong-tuan-thanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/2024\/03\/28\/lam-gi-de-duoc-lanh-nhan-on-dai-xa-trong-tuan-thanh\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh \u01a0N TO\u00c0N X\u00c1 PORTIUNCULA"},"content":{"rendered":"
L\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh<\/div>\n
V\u0103n C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1o<\/div>\n

27\/03\/2024\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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H\u1ecfi:<\/strong>\u00a0Trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 n\u00e0o? C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1? Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/strong>\u00a0\u01a0n To\u00e0n x\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb kho t\u00e0ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 ban cho t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng hay \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu thanh luy\u1ec7n trong n\u01a1i Luy\u1ec7n t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i, h\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u00e1nh Nhan Ch\u00faa trong N\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1eb1ng S\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 th\u00eam l\u00e0 \u00e2n x\u00e1, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n hay to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (t\u1ee9c \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tha b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng hay nh\u1eb9 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng tha h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, khi ta bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i n\u0103ng hay nh\u1eb9 n\u00e0o th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i xin Ch\u00faa tha th\u1ee9 qua B\u00ed t\u00edch H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201cc\u00f3 t\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u01a0n To\u00e0n x\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 xin tha tha t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ai mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1, th\u00ec bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i, r\u01b0\u1edbc M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kinh qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng vi\u1ebfng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u0129nh nh\u1eadn trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u\u00a0\u201cEnchiridion Indulgentiarum, Fourth Edition 1999\u201d \u2013 S\u00f4\u0309 B\u00f4\u0323 \u00c2n Xa\u0301, \u1ea4n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 1999, cho bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 N\u0103m Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng h\u00e1t kinh Tantum Ergo (\u0110\u00e2y Nhi\u1ec7m T\u00edch V\u00f4 C\u00f9ng Cao Qu\u00fd) sau Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 Ti\u1ec7c Ly ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 N\u0103m Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh l\u00fac c\u1ea5t M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u01a0n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu ch\u1ea7u M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 30 ph\u00fat. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac Th\u00e1nh L\u1ec5 Ti\u1ec7c Ly ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 N\u0103m Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh, ta n\u00ean n\u00e1n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea7u M\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa \u00edt l\u00e0 30 ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Kinh Tantum Ergo \u2013 \u0110\u00e2y Nhi\u1ec7m T\u00edch V\u00f4 C\u00f9ng Cao Qu\u00fd<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0110\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c h\u00e1t b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c)<\/p>\n

Tantum ergo sacramentum. Venerem ur cernui. Et antiquum documentum. Novo cedat ritui. Praestet fides supplementum. Sensuu m defectui. Genitori genitoque. Laus et jubilatio. Salus honor virtus quoque. Sit et benedictio. Proced enti ab utroque compar sit laudatio. Amen\u00a0(B\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Latinh)<\/em><\/p>\n

Down in adoration falling, Lo! the sacred Host we hail, Lo! o\u2019er ancient forms departing, Newer rites of grace prevail; Faith for all defects supplying, Where the feeble senses fail. To the everlasting Father, And the Son Who reigns on high, With the Holy Ghost proceeding Forth from Each eternally, Be salvation, honor, blessing, Might and endless majesty. Amen.\u00a0(B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh)<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00f4n vinh Th\u00e1nh danh Gi\u00easu ch\u00ed th\u00e1nh, \u1ea9n th\u00e2n trong t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn. N\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh th\u1eadt Ng\u00f4i L\u1eddi \u1ea9n n\u00e1u m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ban l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u00d4i k\u00ednh l\u1ea1y Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3 T\u00ecnh Y\u00eau. Gi\u00easu Ch\u00faa \u00f4i, con t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Ch\u00faa. Ch\u00faa y\u00eau con trao M\u00ecnh M\u00e1u B\u00e1nh R\u01b0\u1ee3u. V\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang con n\u00ean \u0111\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh, \u0111em hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng nu\u00f4i h\u1ed3n ch\u00fang t\u1eed h\u00e8n. T\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o ai \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1n. \u00d4i k\u00ednh l\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa C\u1ea3 tr\u1eddi cao. Amen\u00a0(B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng tham d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c suy t\u00f4n Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 trong nghi th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ed5 n\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh. \u01a0n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh vi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ee7 14 ch\u1eb7ng \u0110\u00e0ng Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1, suy ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng c\u00e1c l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafm c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea9y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u1ec5 V\u1ecdng Ph\u1ee5c Sinh mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1.
\nM\u1ed9t \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu trong \u0110\u00eam V\u1ecdng Ph\u1ee5c Sinh (ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m Ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda T\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd), l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 R\u1eeda T\u1ed9i trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadt Ph\u1ee5c sinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Ph\u1ee5c sinh Urbi et Orbi g\u1edfi d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh R\u00f4ma v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i ban ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh k\u00e8m theo \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng anh ch\u1ecb em t\u00edn h\u1eefu tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, theo d\u00f5i qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0\u00a0x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i, r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5, c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:\u00a0National Catholic Register\u00a0 Here are the Plenary Indulgences Available During Holy Week<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

WH\u0110 (25.10.2022)<\/a>\u00a0– Chung quanh v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 \u00e2n xa\u0301, chu\u0301ng t\u00f4i nh\u00e2\u0323n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301 th\u0103\u0301c m\u0103\u0301c nh\u01b0 sau: \u0110\u00e2u la\u0300 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi\/\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2n x\u00e1?\u00a0 Co\u0301 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o ho\u0103\u0323c d\u1ecbp \u0111\u0103\u0323c bi\u00ea\u0323t n\u00e0o va\u0300 ke\u0300m theo thi ha\u0300nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n xa\u0301? Pha\u0309i la\u0300m gi\u0300 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 tho\u0309a ma\u0303n \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng (= \u0110GH)? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u0103\u0300m gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e2\u0323p trung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y va\u0300 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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I\/ CA\u0301C \u0110I\u00ca\u0300U KI\u00ca\u0323N<\/a><\/p>\n

II\/ GIA\u0309I THI\u0301CH T\u01af\u0300NG \u0110I\u00ca\u0300U KI\u00ca\u0323N<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a01\/ L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a02\/ Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a03\/ S\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u00edt l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a04\/ C\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a05\/ Thi h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a06\/ X\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a07\/ R\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a08\/ C\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a09\/ D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i nh\u1eb9<\/a><\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

III\/ THAY L\u01a0\u0300I K\u00ca\u0301T<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>I\/ CA\u0301C \u0110I\u00ca\u0300U KI\u00ca\u0323N<\/h1>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 2 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9: \u00e2n x\u00e1 n\u00f3i chung (\u00e2n x\u00e1 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n\/\u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1\/\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1) v\u00e0 \u00e2n x\u00e1 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang (\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1\/\u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1).[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

1\/ \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2n x\u00e1 n\u00f3i chung\/\u00e2n x\u00e1 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n\/\u00e2n x\u00e1 b\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n\/\u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1\/\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1 (indulgentia partialis<\/em>), t\u00edn h\u1eefu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi sau: (1) ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, (2) kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng, (3) s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u00edt l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m (S\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban\u00a0<\/em>[=SBAX], \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d N. 17 \u00a7 1;[2]<\/a>\u00a0B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt<\/em>\u00a0[=BGL], s\u00f4\u0301 996); (4) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eafc \u00e2n x\u00e1; (5) thi h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d N. 17 \u00a7 2;\u00a0<\/em>BGL\u00a0<\/em>996).<\/p>\n

2\/ \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1\/\u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1\/\u00e2n x\u00e1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (indulgentia plenaria<\/em>), ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00eau tr\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: (6) x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i; (7) r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5; (8) c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110GH; (9) d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i nh\u1eb9 (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d N. 20 \u00a7 1).<\/p>\n

<\/a>II\/ GIA\u0309I THI\u0301CH T\u01af\u0300NG \u0110I\u00ca\u0300U KI\u00ca\u0323N<\/h1>\n

<\/a>1\/ L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 v\u00ec B\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh T\u1ea9y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu, l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 d\u1eabn c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n linh v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi B\u00ed t\u00edch kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi kho t\u00e0ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i (S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u00a0[=GLCG], s\u00f4\u0301 213). Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng si\u00eau nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb B\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh T\u1ea9y (GLCG 1266). B\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 B\u00ed t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong c\u00e1c B\u00ed t\u00edch nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 t\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u1ea7n trong m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m \u201cc\u00e1c th\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng\u201d (GLCG 1474-1477). B\u1edfi v\u1eady, d\u1eabu ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ban cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 t\u00f2ng, v\u00e0 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o (tr\u1eeb khi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m), nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai ch\u01b0a ch\u1ecbu Ph\u00e9p Th\u00e1nh T\u1ea9y, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 (BGL 1170); h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu m\u01a1\u0301i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 thi ha\u0300nh nh\u01b0 x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i (B\u00ed t\u00edch H\u00f2a Gi\u1ea3i) v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 (B\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3).<\/p>\n

<\/a>2\/ Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 b\u1edfi v\u00ec\u00a0\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t\u00a0theo\u00a0gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 n\u00e0y b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh c\u00e1c B\u00ed t\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh (GLCG 1463; BGL 1331). Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i ngay sau \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n

<\/a>3\/ S\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u00edt l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u00e2\u0309n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00edn h\u1eefu mu\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng. Ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng \u00e2n su\u0309ng hay \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng \u00e2n su\u0309ng cu\u0309a chu\u0301ng ta se\u0303 bi\u0323 ti\u00eau tan hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n n\u00ea\u0301u pha\u0323m t\u00f4\u0323i tro\u0323ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ai d\u00e1m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1ng trong \u01a1n ngh\u0129a c\u00f9ng Ch\u00faa v\u00e0o l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, t\u00edn h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh 2 th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 hay \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh: coi m\u00ecnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong \u01a1n ngh\u0129a Ch\u00faa m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i; hai l\u00e0 \u201cqu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u00faa (GLCG 2092).<\/p>\n

Ba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>4\/ C\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1<\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0a l\u00ean c\u00f9ng Ch\u00faa l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng hay th\u1ea7m th\u0129 trong l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1. \u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd chung chung c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7, ho\u1eb7c \u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 t\u1ecf ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat l\u1ea1i.[3]<\/a>\u00a0T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chung chung n\u00e0y v\u00e0o gi\u1edd c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n ban s\u00e1ng h\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 \u00e2n x\u00e1 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. \u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan con th\u1ea3o v\u1edbi M\u1eb9 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>5\/ Thi h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 trong\u00a0B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt\u00a0<\/em>(s\u1ed1 996): \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2n x\u00e1, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i [\u2026] thi h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u201d Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o quy\u1ec1n \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eb1m trong\u00a0S\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t kinh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 hay thi h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 4 \u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

a\/ \u01a0n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o (SBAX, \u201cB\u1ed1n \u00c2n Ban N\u00f3i Chung\u201d [Quattuor Concessiones Generaliores]\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/b>I, II, III, IV):<\/p>\n

– Khi chu to\u00e0n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n l\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, th\u1ea7m th\u1ec9 xin Ng\u00e0i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 (Ibid., I).<\/p>\n

– Khi do \u0111\u1ee9c tin th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n hay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng anh ch\u1ecb em thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n (Ibid., II).<\/p>\n

– Khi v\u00ec tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ecd vui th\u00edch (Ibid., III).<\/p>\n

– Khi t\u1ef1 \u00fd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ((Ibid., IV).<\/p>\n

b\/ \u01a0n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1):<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng kinh nguy\u1ec7n k\u00e8m theo \u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1: Kinh \u0110\u00ea\u0300n Ta\u0323 Tha\u0301nh T\u00e2m Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu \u201cLa\u0323y \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu r\u00e2\u0301t nh\u00e2n la\u0300nh, Chu\u0301a \u0111a\u0303 y\u00eau d\u00e2\u0301u loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i qua\u0301 b\u00f4\u0323i…\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(\u0111o\u0323c ngoa\u0300i nga\u0300y L\u00ea\u0303 Tro\u0323ng Ki\u0301nh Tha\u0301nh T\u00e2m Chu\u0301a) (x.\u00a0S\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban,\u00a0<\/em>\u201cCa\u0301c \u00c2n Ban Kha\u0301c\u201d (Enchiridion Indulgentiarum: Normae et Concessiones,\u00a0<\/em>\u201cAliae Concessiones\u201d, 3)<\/em>; Kinh Ta\u0323 \u01a0n Sau Khi R\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c L\u00ea\u0303\/Kinh R\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c L\u00ea\u0303 Thi\u00eang Li\u00eang (Ibid., 8 \u00a7 2); Kinh \u0102n N\u0103n T\u00f4\u0323i\/Kinh Ca\u0301o Mi\u0300nh (Ibid., 9 \u00a7 2); Kinh M\u00e2n C\u00f4i [kh\u00f4ng \u01a1\u0309 trong nha\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300\/nha\u0300 nguy\u00ea\u0323n, kh\u00f4ng \u01a1\u0309 trong gia \u0111i\u0300nh\/Tu h\u00f4\u0323i\/H\u00f4\u0323i \u0111oa\u0300n, kh\u00f4ng \u01a1\u0309 trong ca\u0301c nho\u0301m h\u00f4\u0323i ho\u0323p c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n] (Ibid., 17 \u00a7 1); Kinh Ng\u01a1\u0323i Khen \u201cMagnificat\u201d (Ibid., 17 \u00a7 2); Kinh Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2\u0300n Ba\u0309n M\u00ea\u0323nh\/H\u1ed9 Th\u1ee7 (Ibid., 18); Kinh \u00d4ng Tha\u0301nh Giuse \u201cLa\u0323y \u01a1n \u00d4ng Tha\u0301nh Giuse, chu\u0301ng con cha\u0323y \u0111\u00ea\u0301n cu\u0300ng ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i…\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(Ibid.,\u00a0<\/em>19); Kinh ki\u0301nh nh\u01a1\u0301 vi\u0323 Tha\u0301nh theo Li\u0323ch Phu\u0323ng vu\u0323 (Ibid., 21); Ca\u0301c Kinh C\u00e2\u0300u Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu (= Kinh C\u1ea7u T\u00ean R\u1ea5t Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu; Kinh C\u1ea7u Tr\u00e1i Tim \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu; Kinh C\u1ea7u M\u00e1u Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e1u \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4)\/Kinh C\u00e2\u0300u \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Ba\u0300\/Kinh C\u00e2\u0300u Th\u00e1nh Giuse\/Kinh C\u1ea7u Ca\u0301c Tha\u0301nh (Ibid., 22 \u00a7 2); Kinh kh\u01a1\u0309i \u0111\u00e2\u0300u va\u0300 k\u00ea\u0301t thu\u0301c m\u00f4\u0323t nga\u0300y\/Kinh kh\u01a1\u0309i \u0111\u00e2\u0300u va\u0300 k\u00ea\u0301t thu\u0301c m\u00f4\u0323t vi\u00ea\u0323c\/Kinh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c va\u0300 sau b\u01b0\u0303a \u0103n (Ibid., 26 \u00a7 2-3); Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh C\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4\u0300\/Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh C\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4\u0300ng Nicea-Constantinopoli\/Kinh Tin, C\u00e2\u0323y, M\u00ea\u0301n (Ibid., 28 \u00a7 2)<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cu\u0323 th\u00ea\u0309: Vi\u00ea\u0301ng Tha\u0301nh Th\u00ea\u0309 (d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i n\u01b0\u0309a gi\u01a1\u0300) va\u0300 \u0111o\u0323c Kinh Ki\u0301nh Mi\u0300nh Tha\u0301nh Chu\u0301a [vi\u0301 du\u0323: Tantum ergo\u2026] (Ibid., 7); Ki\u0301nh c\u00e2\u0309n du\u0300ng ca\u0301c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c linh mu\u0323c\/pho\u0301 t\u00ea\u0301 la\u0300m phe\u0301p (Ibid., 14); C\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n th\u00e2\u0300m thi\u0303 ca\u0301ch s\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng (Ibid., 15); L\u0103\u0323p la\u0323i l\u01a1\u0300i h\u01b0\u0301a Phe\u0301p R\u01b0\u0309a t\u00f4\u0323i cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh v\u01a1\u0301i b\u00e2\u0301t c\u01b0\u0301 c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u0301c na\u0300o [kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o nga\u0300y ky\u0309 ni\u00ea\u0323m R\u01b0\u0309a T\u00f4\u0323i va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i trong L\u00ea\u0303 Vo\u0323ng Phu\u0323c Sinh] (Ibid., 28 \u00a72, 1); La\u0300m D\u00e2\u0301u Tha\u0301nh Gia\u0301 ca\u0301ch trang tro\u0323ng va\u0300 \u0111o\u0323c: Nh\u00e2n danh Cha va\u0300 Con va\u0300 Tha\u0301nh Th\u00e2\u0300n. Amen (Ibid.,\u00a028 \u00a7 2, 2), v.v…<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd 1:<\/u>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/b>Tuy la\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i kinh va\u0300 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta thi h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng qua loa cu\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u01a1 la\u0300 hay xem th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/em><\/p>\n

c\/ \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1,\u00a0S\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban<\/em>\u00a0[\u1ea5n b\u1ea3n 1999]\u201d li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau c\u00e1c l\u01a1\u0300i kinh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\/d\u1ecbp quen thu\u1ed9c:<\/p>\n

– Kinh nguy\u1ec7n: Kinh D\u00e2ng Loa\u0300i Ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i Cho Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4 Vua [ca\u0301ch c\u00f4ng khai, trong nga\u0300y L\u00ea\u0303 Tro\u0323ng Ki\u0301nh Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4 Vua Vu\u0303 Tru\u0323] \u201cLa\u0323y \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu r\u00e2\u0301t \u00eam a\u0301i di\u0323u da\u0300ng la\u0300 \u0110\u00e2\u0301ng \u0111a\u0303 chu\u00f4\u0323c t\u00f4\u0323i loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta…\u00a0<\/em>(Ibid., 2); Kinh \u0110\u00ea\u0300n Ta\u0323 Tha\u0301nh T\u00e2m Chu\u0301a [trong nga\u0300y L\u00ea\u0303 Tro\u0323ng Ki\u0301nh R\u00e2\u0301t Tha\u0301nh Tra\u0301i Tim Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu] \u201cLa\u0323y \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu r\u00e2\u0301t nh\u00e2n la\u0300nh, Chu\u0301a \u0111a\u0303 y\u00eau d\u00e2\u0301u loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i qua\u0301 b\u00f4\u0323i\u2026<\/em>(Ibid., 3); S\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng \u0111o\u0323c Kinh M\u00e2n C\u00f4i trong nha\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300, nha\u0300 nguy\u00ea\u0323n, trong h\u00f4\u0323i do\u0300ng, gia \u0111i\u0300nh, v\u01a1\u0301i h\u00f4\u0323i \u0111oa\u0300n t\u00edn h\u1eefu, ho\u0103\u0323c v\u01a1\u0301i m\u00f4\u0323t nho\u0301m ti\u0301n h\u01b0\u0303u, ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi \u0110GH qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t thanh\/truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh [Chi\u0309 n\u0103m chu\u0323c cu\u0303ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c, nh\u01b0ng pha\u0309i \u0111o\u0323c li\u00ean tu\u0323c, kh\u00f4ng ca\u0301ch qua\u0303ng] (Ibid., 17 \u00a7 1,1; \u00a7 2); S\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng \u0111o\u0323c ho\u0103\u0323c ha\u0301t Kinh Te Deum va\u0300o nga\u0300y cu\u00f4\u0301i n\u0103m (Ibid., 26 \u00a71,2), v.v…<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\/di\u0323p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: \u0110o\u0301n nh\u00e2\u0323n Ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a v\u1edbi \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 cu\u0309a \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Tha\u0301nh Cha (Benedictio Papalis<\/em>) cho R\u00f4ma va\u0300 Th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i (Urbi et Orbi<\/em>), m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp qua truy\u00ea\u0300n hi\u0300nh\/truy\u00ea\u0300n thanh, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i [ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbp L\u1ec5 Gi\u00e1ng Sinh, L\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp \u0111\u0103ng quang Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng hay N\u0103m Th\u00e1nh\u2026].\u00a0 (Ibid., 4); Tham d\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a ban Ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 ba l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (Ibid., 7 \u00a7 2;\u00a0S\u00e1ch L\u1ec5 nghi Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c<\/em>, c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 1122-1126); Tham d\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 trong \u0111\u00f3 T\u00f2a \u00c2n Gi\u1ea3i T\u1ed1i Cao ra S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh cho ph\u00e9p ban Ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 k\u00e8m theo [theo th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n]; Ch\u00e2\u0300u Mi\u0300nh Tha\u0301nh Chu\u0301a i\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t n\u01b0\u0309a gi\u01a1\u0300 (Ibid., 7 \u00a7 1,1); S\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng h\u00e1t Tantum Ego\u00a0(\u0110\u00e2y Nhi\u00ea\u0323m ti\u0301ch<\/em>\u00a0…)\u00a0sau L\u00ea\u0303 Ti\u00ea\u0323c Ly Th\u01b0\u0301 N\u0103m Tu\u00e2\u0300n Tha\u0301nh [lu\u0301c c\u00e2\u0301t Mi\u0300nh Tha\u0301nh Chu\u0301a ca\u0301ch tro\u0323ng th\u00ea\u0309] (Ibid., 7 \u00a7 1,2); Tham d\u01b0\u0323 R\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c Ki\u00ea\u0323u tro\u0323ng th\u00ea\u0309 Mi\u0300nh Tha\u0301nh Chu\u0301a [va\u0300o nga\u0300y L\u00ea\u0303 tro\u0323ng Mi\u0300nh va\u0300 Ma\u0301u Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4] (Ibid., 7 \u00a71,3); \u01a0n Toa\u0300n Xa\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i r\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c l\u00ea\u0303 l\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00e2\u0300u va\u0300 nh\u1eefng ai s\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng tham d\u01b0\u0323 Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y (\u00a0Ibid., 8); Tham d\u01b0\u0323 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n i\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t ba nga\u0300y ti\u0303nh t\u00e2m\u00a0 (Ibid., 10); S\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng suy t\u00f4n Tha\u0301nh gia\u0301 trong nghi th\u01b0\u0301c ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 tro\u0323ng th\u00ea\u0309 Th\u01b0\u0301 Sa\u0301u Tu\u00e2\u0300n Tha\u0301nh (Ibid., 13 \u00a71); T\u01b0\u0323 mi\u0300nh vi\u00ea\u0301ng \u0111u\u0309 14 Ch\u0103\u0323ng \u0110a\u0300ng Tha\u0301nh gia\u0301, suy ni\u00ea\u0323m va\u0300 \u0111o\u0323c tha\u0300nh ti\u00ea\u0301ng l\u01a1\u0300i nguy\u00ea\u0323n ng\u0103\u0301m co\u0301 s\u0103\u0303n (Ibid.,\u00a0 13 \u00a7 2a); \u01a0n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 cho linh mu\u0323c d\u00e2ng L\u00ea\u0303 M\u01a1\u0309 Tay va\u0300 ti\u0301n h\u01b0\u0303u s\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng tham d\u01b0\u0323 Th\u00e1nh L\u00ea\u0303 \u00e2\u0301y (Ibid., 27 \u00a7 1); \u01a0n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 cho linh mu\u0323c d\u00e2ng L\u00ea\u0303 ky\u0309 ni\u00ea\u0323m 25, 50, 60, 70 n\u0103m thu\u0323 phong linh mu\u0323c va\u0300 ti\u0301n h\u01b0\u0303u s\u00f4\u0301t s\u0103\u0301ng tham d\u01b0\u0323 Th\u00e1nh L\u00ea\u0303 \u00e2\u0301y (Ibid., 27 \u00a7 2); Tuy\u00ean la\u0323i l\u01a1\u0300i h\u01b0\u0301a Phe\u0301p R\u01b0\u0309a T\u00f4\u0323i trong L\u00ea\u0303 Vo\u0323ng Phu\u0323c Sinh\/trong nga\u0300y ky\u0309 ni\u00ea\u0323m R\u01b0\u0309a T\u00f4\u0323i ((Ibid., 28 \u00a7 1); Vi\u00ea\u0301ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh va\u0300o b\u00e2\u0301t c\u01b0\u0301 nga\u0300y na\u0300o t\u01b0\u0300 1 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 8 tha\u0301ng 11 v\u00e0 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i qua \u0111\u01a1\u0300i ((Ibid., 29\u00a0\u00a7 1, 1); Ki\u0301nh vi\u00ea\u0301ng Nha\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300 ho\u0103\u0323c Nha\u0300 nguy\u00ea\u0323n va\u0300o nga\u0300y L\u00ea\u0303 Ca\u0301c \u0110\u0103\u0309ng Linh H\u00f4\u0300n, \u0111o\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh La\u0323y Cha va\u0300 Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh ((Ibid., 29 \u00a7 1, 2); \u0110o\u0323c Kinh Tha\u0301nh i\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t n\u01b0\u0309a gi\u01a1\u0300 [v\u01a1\u0301i s\u01b0\u0323 ki\u0301nh tro\u0323ng L\u01a1\u0300i Chu\u0301a, nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u0323c sa\u0301ch thi\u00eang li\u00eang] (Ibid.,\u00a0<\/em>30 \u00a71) – N\u00ea\u0301u co\u0301 ly\u0301 do chi\u0301nh \u0111a\u0301ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111o\u0323c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c, thi\u0300 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 nghe ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i kha\u0301c \u0111o\u0323c, ho\u0103\u0323c nghe qua ma\u0301y pha\u0301t thanh hay pha\u0301t hi\u0300nh ((Ibid., 30 \u00a7 2), v.v…<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd 2<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/b>: Trong khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u00e2n x\u00e1, c\u1ea3 \u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1 l\u1eabn \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn qua \u0111\u1ecdc kinh hay thi h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00e2n x\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 th\u00ec H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kinh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i, r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110GH:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>6\/ X\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn B\u00ed t\u00edch Giao h\u00f2a (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d\u00a0<\/em>N. 20 \u00a7 2). D\u1eabu r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0103n n\u0103n t\u1ed9i c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ca ng\u1ee3i, n\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0ng t\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh, s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean trong tr\u1eafng,[5]<\/a>\u00a0nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn B\u00ed t\u00edch H\u00f2a Gi\u1ea3i th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u00ea\u0309m x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau d\u1ecbp l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d\u00a0<\/em>N. 20 \u00a7 3).\u00a0 Chi\u0301nh h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb \u201cv\u00e0i ng\u00e0y\u201d d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u01b0\u0323 c\u0103\u0301t nghi\u0303a ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 sai ch\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ea\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300i ha\u0323n x\u01b0ng t\u00f4\u0323i. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, lu\u1eadt c\u0169 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau 8 ng\u00e0y (BGL [1917] 931 \u00a7 1). C\u00f2n theo chi\u0309 d\u00e2\u0303n c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00c2n Gi\u1ea3i T\u1ed1i Cao hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n ra \u201ctrong v\u00f2ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1\u201d.[6]<\/a>\u00a0Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ai x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i h\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau 20 ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 s\u1ebd l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 ng\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111u\u0309 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n v\u00ea\u0300 x\u01b0ng t\u00f4\u0323i \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0303nh \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301 cho mo\u0323i nga\u0300y.<\/p>\n

<\/a>7\/ R\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5<\/span><\/h2>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 B\u00ed t\u00edch ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Th\u1ee9 hai, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng\/ph\u1ea1m th\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng (GLCG 1385, 1475) \u201cAi \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5, tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 l\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp ti\u1ec7n \u0111i x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00f2ng d\u1ed1c quy\u1ebft \u0111i x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i s\u1edbm ng\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u201d (BGL 916). Th\u1ee9 ba, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y\/c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y khi l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1.[7]<\/a>\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ecbu l\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay sau h\u00e0nh vi\/d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y, theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00c2n Gi\u1ea3i T\u1ed1i Cao hi\u1ec7n nay, l\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau h\u00e0nh vi\/c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00e8m theo l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd 3<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/b>: B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n chu\u1ea9n vi\u1ec7c x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1edf qu\u00e1 xa nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c \u0111au \u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt\u2026). Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng \u0103n n\u0103n t\u1ed9i, c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d N. 25).<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>8\/ C\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110GH l\u00e0 g\u00ec; th\u1ee9 hai,\u00a0S\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban<\/em>\u00a0h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110GH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t Kinh L\u1ea1y Cha v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Kinh K\u00ednh M\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam nh\u1eefng kinh kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d\u00a0<\/em>N. 20 \u00a7 5); th\u1ee9 ba, hi\u1ec7n nay H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o khi \u0111\u1ecdc kinh c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n theo \u00fd \u0110GH n\u1eefa.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd 4<\/u>:<\/em><\/strong><\/b>\u00a0\u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d s\u00f4\u0301 N. 19 trong \u201cS\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban\u201d cho bi\u1ebft: Vi\u00ea\u0323c la\u0300m \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0303nh \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301 li\u00ean h\u00ea\u0323 t\u01a1\u0301i nha\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300 hay nha\u0300 nguy\u00ea\u0323n thi\u0300 g\u00f4\u0300m\u00a0h\u00e0nh vi ki\u0301nh vi\u00ea\u0301ng\u00a0<\/strong><\/b>nha\u0300 th\u01a1\u0300\/nha\u0300 nguy\u00ea\u0323n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh La\u0323y Cha va\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh, tr\u01b0\u0300 khi co\u0301 chi\u0309 d\u00e2\u0303n kha\u0301c. \u0110\u00e2y la\u0300 vi\u00ea\u0323c la\u0300m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c chi\u0309 \u0111i\u0323nh cu\u0309a \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301. Co\u0300n vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH thi\u0300 v\u00e2\u0303n pha\u0309i thi ha\u0300nh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean hi\u00ea\u0309u ca\u0301ch kha\u0301c va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c t\u01b0\u0323 mi\u00ea\u0303n. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH l\u00e0 \u0111o\u0323c M\u00f4\u0323t Kinh La\u0323y Cha va\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh. Trong t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 ca\u0301c \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n \u201cS\u1ed5 B\u1ed9 C\u00e1c \u00c2n X\u00e1: Quy Ch\u1ebf V\u00e0 \u00c2n Ban\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c c\u00f4ng b\u00f4\u0301\/xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n sau C\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4\u0300ng Vatican II (l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 I v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/1968; l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 II v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/1968; l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 III v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986 (18\/05\/1986) v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1999 (16\/07\/1999), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba\u0309n v\u0103n na\u0300o ghi r\u0103\u0300ng c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH thi\u0300 \u0111o\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh La\u0323y Cha va\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh Tin Ki\u0301nh c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u ghi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh La\u0323y Cha va\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t Kinh Ki\u0301nh M\u01b0\u0300ng.[10]<\/strong><\/b><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd 5<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/b>: Ba \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n x\u01b0ng t\u00f4\u0323i, r\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c l\u00ea\u0303 va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH, co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c, ho\u0103\u0323c sau m\u00e2\u0301y nga\u0300y cu\u0309a nga\u0300y la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c co\u0301 \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301. Tuy nhi\u00ean, R\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c L\u00ea\u0303 va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH n\u00ean cu\u0300ng nga\u0300y v\u01a1\u0301i nga\u0300y la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c cu\u0309a \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301 (SBAX, \u201cQuy Ch\u1ebf\u201d N. 20 \u00a7 3). N\u00ea\u0301u vi\u00ea\u0323c th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u00ea\u0323n \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301 thi\u00ea\u0301u hoa\u0300n ha\u0309o, ho\u0103\u0323c n\u00ea\u0301u vi\u00ea\u0323c la\u0300m va\u0300 ba \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n v\u1eeba n\u00eau kh\u00f4ng tro\u0323n ve\u0323n, thi\u0300 chi\u0309 co\u0300n la\u0300 \u01a1n ti\u1ec3u x\u00e1\/\u01a1n ph\u00e2\u0300n xa\u0301 (Ibid., N. 20 \u00a7 4). Chi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1, c\u00f2n r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n theo y\u0301 \u0110GH th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 (Ibid., N. 20 \u00a7 2). Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 2 l\u1ea7n\/ng\u00e0y (BGL 917) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c, ho\u0103\u0323c sau 20 nga\u0300y cu\u0309a nga\u0300y la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c co\u0301 \u01a1n toa\u0300n xa\u0301, n\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea7n r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai cho l\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1 kh\u00e1c.[11]<\/strong><\/b><\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>9\/ D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i nh\u1eb9<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01a1n to\u00e0n x\u00e1. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i l\u00e0 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi t\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i n\u00e0o m\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n xa tra\u0301nh ho\u0103\u0323c kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i,[12]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t t\u1ed9i, th\u1ef1c l\u00f2ng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0103n n\u0103n l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i nh\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u01a1n tha th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa.\u00a0 D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf cam k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh xa t\u1ed9i l\u00f4\u0303i, du\u0300 la\u0300 t\u00f4\u0323i nhe\u0323, vi\u0300 chu\u0301ng ch\u00f4\u0301ng la\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323 thi\u00ea\u0323n ha\u0309o v\u00f4 cu\u0300ng cu\u0309a Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. D\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ecdi nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho t\u1ed9i ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh s\u1ee3 Ch\u00faa, \u01b0\u01a1\u0301c mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa, khao kha\u0301t phu\u0323ng s\u01b0\u0323 Chu\u0301a ma\u0323nh me\u0303 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n \u0111\u00f4\u0323 v\u01b0\u01a1\u0323t l\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u0301c hu\u0301t cu\u0309a ca\u0301m d\u00f4\u0303 pha\u0323m t\u00f4\u0323i, va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n quay v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0a l\u1ed7i c\u0169 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa n\u1eefa.[13]<\/a>\u00a0Khi g\u1eb7p c\u00e1m d\u1ed7, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2\u0300y quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m va\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u kha\u0301ng c\u01b0\u0323, th\u00ec v\u1edbi \u01a1n Ch\u00faa gi\u00fap, c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t. \u0110o\u0301 la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 th\u00ea\u0309 hi\u00ea\u0323n lo\u0300ng kh\u00f4ng quy\u00ea\u0301n luy\u00ea\u0301n v\u01a1\u0301i t\u00f4\u0323i l\u00f4\u0303i.[14]<\/a>\u00a0To\u0301m la\u0323i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c bi\u0323 nghi\u00eang chi\u00ea\u0300u v\u00ea\u0300 t\u1ed9i l\u00f4\u0303i th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng xuy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng bao l\u00e2u t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n mong mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng c\u01a1 la\u0300 ki\u0301nh m\u00ea\u0301n Chu\u0301a tr\u00ean h\u00ea\u0301t mo\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323, chu\u0301ng ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebfn luy\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

<\/a>III\/ THAY L\u01a0\u0300I K\u00ca\u0301T<\/h1>\n

\u201cCh\u00ednh H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ban ph\u00e1t \u00e2n x\u00e1. Nh\u1edd quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u00e1o c\u1edfi do \u00d0\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4 ban, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 m\u1edf cho h\u1ecd kho t\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa Cha nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb tha cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu v\u00ec t\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i\u201d (GLCG 1478). V\u00e2\u0323y chu\u0301ng ta ha\u0303y c\u00f4\u0301 g\u0103\u0301ng ti\u0300m c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng xuy\u00ean la\u0303nh nh\u1eadn \u00e2n x\u00e1 cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u1ea7u v\u1eeba ti\u00ea\u0301n nhanh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng tro\u0323n la\u0300nh v\u1eeba to\u0309 ti\u0300nh b\u00e1c \u00e1i v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n: m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c \u00e2n x\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi n\u01a1i thanh luy\u1ec7n (GLCG 1479).<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0Xc. Phan T\u00e2\u0301n Tha\u0300nh, Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00edch Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt, Quy\u1ec3n 4: Nhi\u1ec7m V\u1ee5 Th\u00e1nh H\u00f3a C\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i (R\u00f4ma, 1992), 255-56.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0Enchiridion Indulgentiarum: Normae et Concessiones Quarta editio (Citta del Vatican:\u00a0Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1999).<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0 Frederick R. McManus, \u201cThe Sacrament of Penance\u201d, trong New Commentary on the Code of Canon Law, eds. John P. Beal et als. (NY\/NJ: Paulist Press, 2000), 1177.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0Xc. Edward Peters, A Modern Guide to Indulgences (Chicago: HillenbrandBooks\/LTP, 2008), 37.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110GH Phanxic\u00f4, \u201cB\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y\u201d Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n III M\u00f9a
\nChay\u201d (20\/03\/2020).<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0Apostolic Penitentiary (Cardinal William Wakefield Baum), \u201cThe Gift of The Indulgence\u201d\u00a0 (29\/01\/2000),\u00a0https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/roman_curia\/tribunals\/apost_penit\/documents\/rc_trib_appen_pro_20000129_indulgence_en.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0Xc. Edward McNamara, \u201cWays to Gain an Indulgence,\u201d The ZENIT Daily Dispatch
\n\u00a9 Innovative Media, Inc. (20 JUNE 2017),\u00a0https:\/\/www.ewtn.com\/catholicism\/library\/ways-to-gain-an-indulgence-4857<\/a>;\u00a0Enchiridion Indulgentiarum: Normae et Concessiones,\u00a0N. 20 \u00a7 3.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>\u00a0Apostolic Penitentiary, \u201cThe Gift of The Indulgence\u201d (29\/01\/2000).<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0Seraphinus de Angelis, De Indulgentiis: Tractatus qoad earum naturam et usum, 2d ed. (Citta del Vatican: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1950), no. 94.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>\u00a0Enchiridion Indulgentiarum (1968), N. 29; Enchiridion Indulgentiarum (1986), N. 23; Enchiridion Indulgentiarum (1999),\u00a0N. 20 \u00a7 5.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a>\u00a0Xc. Peters, A Modern Guide to Indulgences, 40.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a>\u00a0Xc.\u00a0Cardinal Alexis Henri Marie Lepicier,\u00a0Indulgences, Their Origin, Nature, And Development\u00a0<\/em>(Andesite Press, 2017), 343.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a>\u00a0Xc.\u00a0Apostolic Penitentiary (Cardinal\u00a0James Francis Stafford), \u201cThe Gift of An Indulgence
\nDuring The “Year of The Eucharist” (25\/12\/2004),\u00a0https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/roman_curia\/tribunals\/apost_penit\/documents\/rc_trib_appen_doc_20041225_miraculorum-maximum_en.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a>\u00a0Xc. Peters, A Modern Guide to Indulgences, 42-43; McNamara, \u201cWays to Gain an Indulgence,\u201d The ZENIT Daily Dispatch \u00a9 Innovative Media, Inc. (20 JUNE 2017),\u00a0https:\/\/www.ewtn.com\/catholicism\/library\/ways-to-gain-an-indulgence-4857<\/a>;.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh V\u0103n C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1o 27\/03\/2024   H\u1ecfi:\u00a0Trong Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng \u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i x\u00e1 n\u00e0o?… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5925,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thong-tin","category-tim-hieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5921"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5927,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5921\/revisions\/5927"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5925"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hiepsidoan.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}